Andrei Andreyevich Gromyko - Encyclopedia.com
May 11, 2018 · Andrei Gromyko was born on July 18, 1909, in a village in Belorussia, then a province in the western region of the Russian Empire. His parents were peasant farmers. After the Revolution of 1917 the Communist state helped young people from working families to obtain a higher education and encouraged them to join the Communist Party .
Gromyko, Andrey - Encyclopedia.com
Gromyko later met with U.S. secretary of state George Shultz (1920–) in Geneva, Switzerland, in early 1985 to discuss arms control. By 1985, Gromyko was the senior member of the Politburo and had great influence in the Soviet Communist Party.
Succession of Leadership, Soviet | Encyclopedia.com
Gorbachev, however, did not become president. The title went to an elder statesman, Andrei Gromyko. Only in 1988 did Gorbachev assume the presidency, which was subsequently restructured as part of perestroika (restructuring) and demokratizatsiya (democratization). Gorbachev had the real power, not merely the title, of chief of state and ...
Presidium of Supreme Soviet - Encyclopedia.com
The heads of the Presidium were the nominal heads of state of the Soviet Union: Mikhail Ivanovich Kalinin (1938 – 1946), Nikolai Mikhailovich Shvernik (1946 – 1953), Kliment Efremovich Voroshilov (1953 – 1960), Leonid Ilich Brezhnev (1960 – 1964 and 1977 – 1982), Anastas Ivanovich Mikoyan (1964 – 1965), Nikolai Viktorovich Podgorny (1965 – 1977), Yuri …
Russian, Soviet, and CIS History: Biographies - Encyclopedia.com
Find facts and information about Russian, Soviet, and CIS History: Biographies from trusted sources at Encyclopedia.com
Yevgeny Maksimovich Primakov - Encyclopedia.com
Aug 24, 2016 · Andrei Gromyko. 1988–91. Mikhail Gorbachev 1. Chairman of the Council of Ministers 2. 1917–24 2. Vladimir Ilyich Lenin (b. Ulyanov) 1924–30 2. Aleksei Rykov. 1930–31 2. Genrikh Yagoda. 1931–41 2. Vyacheslav Molotov. 1941–53 2. Joseph Stalin (b. Dzhugashvili) 1953–55. Georgi Malenkov. 1955–58. Nikolai Bulganin. 1958–64. Nikita ...
Eduard Amvrosiyevich Shevardnadze - Encyclopedia.com
May 18, 2018 · Gromyko was respected, even feared, but rarely admired. When Gorbachev came to power, Gromyko was among the first of the "old guard" to be shifted to another position and given an honorary title. Shevardnadze, at first glance, was …
Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev - Encyclopedia.com
May 23, 2018 · Andrey Gromyko (1909–1989; see entry), veteran Soviet foreign minister and a leader in the Politburo, enthusiastically nominated Gorbachev for the position. In Gromyko's nomination speech, he characterized Gorbachev by saying, "This man has a nice smile, but he has teeth of iron." At last, Gorbachev was in position to bring reform. A changing ...
Cold War | Encyclopedia.com
Sep 10, 2012 · The ideologue Andrei Zhdanov was a cold warrior of the first magnitude. Soviet diplomats carried out their superiors' orders but contributed as well their own mite to the conflict; among them were the longtime foreign minister Vyacheslav Molotov and the ambassador to the United States Andrei Gromyko.
Andrei Nikolayevich Tupolev - Encyclopedia.com
Jun 27, 2018 · Andrei Nikolaevich Tupolev >The Russian aeronautical engineer and army officer Andrei Nikolaevich >Tupolev (1888-1972) was the leading designer of large and heavy aircraft in >the former U.S.S.R. Andrei Tupolev was born on Nov. 10, 1888, in the village of Pustomazovo (now Kalinin Oblast).