Calcium excretion is increased by loop diuretics and diminished by thiazide-type diuretics and amiloride. How these effects occur is related to the mechanisms of sodium, chloride, and calcium transport in the different diuretic-sensitive segments.

Jan 23, 2023 · Thiazides reduce urine calcium levels and increase blood calcium by increasing calcium reabsorption from the luminal membrane into the interstitium in exchange for sodium. However, if indicated, this effect of thiazide diuretics makes thiazides useful for nephrolithiasis and osteoporosis treatment.

Serum calcium level was higher in the thiazide group than in the control group (SMD 0.33, 95% CI [0.16, 0.50]), and urinary calcium level was significantly lower in the thiazide group (SMD −0.35, 95% CI [−0.52, −0.17]).

Thiazide diuretics, the antihypertensive agent prescribed most frequently worldwide, are commonly associated with hypercalcemia. However, the epidemiology and clinical features are poorly understood. To update the incidence of thiazide-associated hypercalcemia and clarify its clinical features.

Jul 9, 2024 · Taking large amounts of calcium with thiazide diuretics can raise the risk of a serious condition called milk-alkali syndrome. Some examples of thiazide diuretics are hydrochlorothiazide (Microzide) and indapamide.

May 1, 2003 · Normal serum calcium levels are 8 to 10 mg per dL (2.0 to 2.5 mmol per L, Figure 1), although the exact range can vary among laboratories. Normal ionized calcium levels are 4 to 5.6 mg per dL...

Thiazide diuretics are primarily used to treat the hypertension (high blood pressure) and edema (swelling) caused by water overload as well as certain conditions related to unbalanced calcium metabolism.

We searched the three major databases of the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and PubMed for the terms “calcium channel blockers,” “thiazide diuretics,” “loop diuretics,” and “hypertension,” “randomized controlled trials” and “meta-analysis trials.”

Feb 1, 1973 · Thiazide diuretics reduce urinary excretion of calcium by about 40% in patients with intact parathyroid glands (normal parathyroid function or primary hyperparathyroidism). Despite equivalent sodium losses, thiazide diuretics do not lower calcium excretion in patients with hypoparathyroidism.

Thiazide diuretics block the thiazide-sensitive NaCl transporter in the distal convoluted tubule, and can decrease calcium excretion. They are often used in the treatment of nephrolithiasis. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors decrease bicarbonate absorption and the resultant metabolic acidosis can increase calcium excretion.