Specifically, these mice have low levels of free iron in immune cells known as macrophages and this impairs signaling along ... response (the TLR4/TRAM/TRIF pathway). As drugs that mimic the ...

whereas TLR-induced IRF3 (TLR3 and TLR4) and IRF7 (TLR7–9) activation is initiated only from the endosome. Activation of TLR signaling by viral ligands establishes primarily antiviral responses.

"We found suppressing TLR4 signaling a day after concussive brain injury, common to sports and traffic accidents, reduces excitability and improves working memory performance a week to a month ...

Conversely, extracellular HMGB1 stimulates the expression of TNF-α and IL-6 via the TLR4/MyD88 and RAGE/p-JNK/p-ERK signaling pathways. ↑, increase; ↓, decrease; BCL1, Beclin-1; ER ...

Macrophages are responsible for detecting and destroying pathogens, but the Ebola virus activates them through the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) pathway, causing an inappropriate immune response.

upregulate IL-10 expression following DB1 stimulation via the Toll-like Receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway. Interestingly, IL-10 reduced the migration speed of tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs ...