Beginning in the 1960s, satellite instruments have measured Earth's reflected broadband shortwave radiation and emitted longwave radiation. These measurements have been used to estimate Earth's ...

Arnold Gruber, Arthur F. Krueger, The Status of the NOAA Outgoing Longwave Radiation Data Set, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, Vol. 65, No. 9 (September 1984), pp. 958-962 Free online ...

IN recent months average values have been available to us of outgoing long-wave radiation recorded by Tiros IV for the equatorial region between 50° E. to 110° E. and 20° N. to 20° S. These ...

A new research investigates the relationship between surface temperature and outgoing longwave radiation. Contrary to expectations based on the Stefan-Boltzmann law, which predicts a quartic ...

Humanity’s greenhouse gas emissions have led to a drop in longwave radiation heading out of the Earth’s atmosphere, trapping energy and warming the planet by more than 1°C since the ...

Greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (CO 2), methane (CH 4) and water vapor (H 2 O) exert their strongest warming effects (orange arrows) by absorbing longwave infrared radiation (darker orange ...

Incoming solar radiation, also known as short wave energy, brings in the warmth of the sun. The nighttime brings outgoing heat, known as longwave energy. To sustain life on Earth we have to ...