This letter presents an effective optimization synthesis approach for orbital angular momentum (OAM) beams with low sidelobe and high mode purity through antenna array complex excitation optimization.

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The vanishing orbital angular momentum of the 8S7/2 term makes it relatively insensitive to spin–lattice relaxation mediated by magnetoelastic coupling and leads to a Tm of 12 μs at 3 K, which is not ...

Orbital angular momentum (OAM) has aroused a widespread interest in many fields, especially in telecommunications due to its potential for unleashing new capacity in the severely congested spectrum of ...