Immunoglobulins operate by recognising specific antigens via their variable domains while utilising their constant (Fc) domains to engage immune receptors and modulate effector functions.

Feb 3 2025 - Article updated for improved readability, the integration of text regarding antibody roles in biological processes, and text expanding on their diagnostic and therapeutic applications ...

The antibody IgY contains heavy chains with four constant domains instead of the accepted three variable regions and one constant. References: Goulet, D. R., & Atkins, W. M. (2020).

A pioneering new study published in Nature Microbiology, led by J. Oriol Sunyer, professor of immunology and pathobiology at the School of Veterinary Medicine, and a team of researchers at Penn Vet ...