When OpenAI announced a new generative artificial-intelligence (AI) model, called o3, a few days before Christmas, it aroused both excitement and scepticism. Excitement from those who expected its ...

Unlike earlier models that predominantly consider uniform vegetation distributions, this study investigates the impact of varied vegetation patterns, such as random and ... simulation (Equation 6) on ...

We demonstrate that mean-variability association is ubiquitous across technologies, highlighting the inadequacy of the very popular Dirichlet-multinomial modeling and providing essential principles ...