Researchers from the Institute of Modern Physics (IMP) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and their collaborators have ...

I’m drinking coffee, delighting in how the bird outside is chirping in time to the music Joe is playing, and checking in with science news of the week. I’m jostled ...

THIS book is a revised and enlarged edition of Prof. Millikan‘s book "Electrons" which appeared in 1935, and was itself based on his celebrated work "The Electron" (1917), which in its day ...

ChatGPT isn't a monolith. Since OpenAI first released the buzzy chatbot in 2022, it has rolled out what seems like a new model every few months, using a confusing panoply of names. A number of ...

According to the Standard Model of particle physics, each of the matter particles we see around us – from baryons like protons to leptons such as electrons – should have a corresponding antiparticle ...

I picked GPT-4o, the default choice available to every ChatGPT user, as well as o3, OpenAI’s high-octane reasoning model designed to chew through math, code, and puzzles using reason like a scalpel.

Abstract: A digital method for the discrimination of neutron and γ-ray events from an organic scintillator has been investigated by using frequency gradient analysis (FGA) based on the Fourier ...

These photons can strike nearby nuclei, causing "electromagnetic dissociation" – a process that ejects protons and neutrons. Illustration of an ultra-peripheral collision where the two lead ion ...

But our modern knowledge tells us the basic difference between an atom of lead and an atom of gold: the lead atom contains exactly three more protons. So can we create a gold atom by simply ...

Theoretically, by knocking a few protons and neutrons off a lead atom, you could arrive at gold. However, this transformation requires titanic forces that no ancient alchemist could dream of. Enter ...

It assesses the knowledge and cognitive abilities a task requires and evaluates them against the model’s capabilities. The framework uses ADeLe (annotated-demand-levels), a technique that assesses how ...