Abstract: Hydrogel is a kind of functional cross-linked polymer material with 3-D network structure. When hydrogel is exposed ... a novel optical fiber probe based on hollow-core fiber and calcium ...

When this happens, it sets off a chain reaction, moving more sodium ions (and the change in charge) along the length of the nerve cell axon. The electrolyte calcium is needed for muscle contraction.

† Laboratory of Basic and Applied Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan ‡ Laboratory of Applied Structural Biology, Graduate School of ...

ESTGA, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal, Laboratoire Catalyse and Spectrochimie (CNRS UMR6506) ISMRA/Université ...