The oil refinery, which has yet to reopen ... which requires the use of hydrogen fluoride in its alkylation process. Spokeswoman Kim Guttormson said improved safety equipment and processes ...

Two major refinery explosions involving toxic hydrogen fluoride highlight gaps in emergency preparedness and chemical safety protocols, according to new federal findings.

“The steam loss caused operational upsets at some process units resulting ... a coal substitute. The alkylation unit converts refining byproducts into additives that boost octane in gasoline.

The Torrance Refinery Action Alliance organized the ... produce the world’s cleanest-burning gasoline using process called alkylation.” Exxon Mobil was fined $566,600 in penalties Thursday ...