Southern Oscillation’s global reach and complex ocean–atmosphere interactions across timescales, two simple, elegant equations capture its key dynamics and defining properties.

The effect of oscillation amplitude is valid for any oscillator with steep C-V characteristic. The effect is critical in DCO because it needs very small capacitance control. For verifying the ...

An amplitude control is realized through the amplitude modulation effect within a coupled resonator system. Control of the oscillation amplitude is enabled through an external DC voltage. A frequency ...