Abstract: This paper presents a 9-bit 1.8 GS/s pipelined analog-to-digital converter (ADC) using open-loop amplifiers. In this ADC, open-loop amplifiers are used as residue amplifiers to increase the ...

Abstract: From the control point of view, synchronization techniques are divided into two major categories: open-loop and closed-loop methods. Roughly speaking, open-loop synchronization (OLS) ...