Objective— Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-induced smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation requires the ... epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR), and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI-3K) ...

Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is strongly activated by integrins and growth ... FAK is expressed as a separate protein termed FAK-related nonkinase (FRNK) in a smooth muscle cell–selective fashion and ...