Moths, and especially their caterpillars, are a crucial food source for a wide range of animals, including birds, bats, hedgehogs, frogs, and even other insects.

Predators are far more likely to attack adult moths than caterpillars, highlighting the protective power of metamorphosis.

The Peppered Moth, Biston betularia, is a relatively common, although declining, night-flying moth found in varying numbers ...