You have likely heard of variable valve timing by one of the names manufacturers have for the system, such as VVT-i or VTEC.

In Part 1, I regaled you all with the brief history behind the discovery of photochemical smog, and then proceeded to dazzle everyone with the intricacies of intake-related pollution controls. Here, ...

A model for constant-force solenoids based on the finite-element method is presented. The total force exerted by the solenoid is calculated and compared with test results. The force calculation ...

This paper presents an in-depth analysis of the stability and performance of control systems experiencing sensor timing misalignments, a common challenge in practical applications such as autonomous ...