Botulinum neurotoxin serotype A (BoNT/A) causes a debilitating and potentially fatal illness known as botulism. The toxin is also a bioterrorism threat, yet no pharmacological antagonist to counteract ...

The fact is that the comorbidity between the two conditions, headache (migraine in particular) and depression, is frequent. Therefore, a therapeutic strategy that could act on both disorders, when ...

Treatment with botulinum toxin A appears to improve tear production and stability and relieve symptoms in patients with dry ...

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Key words: botulinum toxin, mechanisms of action, acetylcholine, muscle spindles, stretch reflex, smooth muscles, exocrine glands, retrograde axonal transport, blood-brain-barrier, substance P. RESUMO ...

Botulinum toxin is a neurotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum. It has a zinc-binding metalloendopeptidase function. The mechanism of action is the blocking of the exocytotic release of ...

What mechanism allows neurons to remain alive while their function is blocked? This question has puzzled researchers since botulinum toxin was first developed for medical use.

This latest research reinforces an additional mechanism of action beyond direct cancer destruction and indirect immune stimulation, stripping away one of cancer's final defence mechanisms.

The major growth drivers for the botulinum toxin market are the aging population, increasing numbers of minimally invasive surgeries, upsurge in facial aesthetics procedures, the rising ...

It’s only under certain conditions that bacteria like Clostridium botulinum, and occasionally Clostridium butyricum and Clostridium baratii, are able to grow spores that make botulism toxin.

Botulinum toxin injections in the hand led to significant reductions in pain and disability for patients with Raynaud’s syndrome secondary to scleroderma, according to data published in Clinical ...