The nonpartisan Congressional Budget Office predicted the megabill would spur economic growth, but this would not be enough to offset the rising deficit.

A top Trump official and two other economists published a paper outlining how business tax cuts boost economic investment as Republicans debate these policies in their tax legislation.

G.O.P. senators are considering whether to further curb the president’s favorite tax cuts as they rewrite key portions of the sprawling domestic agenda bill passed by the House.