The simplest way to decipher the code would be to start with an mRNA molecule of known sequence, use it to direct the synthesis of a protein, and then determine the amino acid sequence of the ...

Just like the mechanical components in cars or computers, the molecules inside a cell can sometimes malfunction. When this happens during DNA replication, the result is an unpredictable change in ...

This film creatively illustrates the process of protein synthesis through dance, symbolizing the assembly of amino acids into proteins. It explains how genes encode instructions for amino acid ...

Lots of it. Many ribosomes can be working on a single strand of mRNA at once. Protein synthesis isn't a slow process, either. A protein chain 400 amino acids long can be assembled in 20 seconds!

The newly formed strand of mRNA is now ready to leave the nucleus ... Peptide bonds form between the adjacent amino acids to finalise the structure.

A child with a rare genetic disorder — spinal muscular atrophy type I — was treated prenatally for the first time. Courtesy of Jakob Owens  via Unsplash During an amniocentesis test, a long, thin ...

Each tRNA molecule has an anticodon that is complementary to a specific codon on the mRNA. The tRNA binds to its corresponding amino acid and transports it to the ribosome, where it is incorporated ...

However, interest in therapeutics based on nucleic acids has increased rapidly, driven partly by the astounding success of mRNA based vaccines for COVID-19 and new gene therapy approaches. Nucleic ...

In RNA, cytosine also pairs with guanine. However, RNA is typically single-stranded and serves various functions, such as coding for proteins (mRNA), transferring amino acids (tRNA), and catalyzing ...