Background: It is important to deal with the scapula when developing rehabilitation strategies for the shoulder complex. This requires clinical measurement tools that are readily available and easy to ...

- Upward Rotation– The inferior angle of the scapula moves in a superior-lateral direction such that the glenoid fossa faces upward. - Downward Rotation - The inferior angle of the scapula moves ...

During arm elevation, upward rotation showed a statistically significant difference between active and passive shoulder movements (p<0.05). Upward rotation between 45° and 90° showed a statistically ...

Furthermore, the serratus anterior acts with the upper and lower fibres of the trapezius muscle to sustain upward rotation of the scapula, which allows for overhead lifting,” says a paper titled ...

Add to this the upward rotation, and a downward rotation. These are primarily used when the focus is on the shoulders. And they are all engaging the scapula, which is an anatomical marvel.

The scapula has its own set of joint actions: The shoulder girdle has a set of joint actions specific to motion of the scapula. Although this may seem like just another set of confusing terms to ...

The scapula has its own set of joint actions: The shoulder girdle has a set of joint actions specific to motion of the scapula. Although this may seem like just another set of confusing terms to ...