National 5 Biology - Transport across membranes. revision-guide National 5 Biology - Transport across membranes. Revise diffusion, active transport and osmosis with our National 5 Biology cell ...

THERMO-OSMOSIS may be defined as the passage of a fluid through a membrane against the hydrostatic pressure, due to a temperature gradient. It was first observed by Lippmann1 in the passage of ...

Forward osmosis (FO) membrane technology is an emerging separation process that employs the natural osmotic pressure gradient to drive water transport through semipermeable membranes.