"The examinees had all sorts of ways of hiding these cheat sheets. They hid them inside ... and key points that were required for the Imperial exam. There are numerous records of examinees being ...

The results appear in their paper, “Cheat Sheet or Open-Book? A Comparison of the Effects of Exam Types on Performance, Retention, and Anxiety,” on which they collaborated with Noelle Mathew ...

During the course of one semester of introductory psychology and statistics classes, they gave one open-book exam, one cheat sheet exam and one closed-book test. In his statistic class ...