Hannah Osborne is Nesweek's Science Editor, based in London, UK. Hannah joined Newsweek in 2017 from IBTimes UK. She is a graduate of Goldsmiths University and King's College London. Languages; ...

Discover how apex predators like great whites started as slow, bottom-dwelling fish in ancient oceans, and how climate change ...

Type II collagen is the major cartilage matrix protein in the jawed vertebrate skeleton. Lampreys and hagfishes, by contrast, are thought to have noncollagenous cartilage. This difference in skeletal ...

Out of all cartilaginous fishes, about 750 species that includes sharks, there are about 500 species of skates and rays in oceans throughout the world. Skates and rays, both belong to the class ...

It turns out lampreys, long thought to have taken a different evolutionary road than almost all other backboned animals, may not be so different after all, especially in terms of the genetics that ...

Sophisticated sharks The discovery of bone in the jaw of an ancient shark indicates modern sharks are far more advanced than previously thought, say researchers. The finding, reported in the journal ...

This blue skate’s skeleton is made up of the same stuff as your nose and ears – cartilage. However, parts of a skate’s skeleton, such as the skull and spine, are strengthened by minerals, resulting in ...

The evolution of the shark is not what most people would expect. Instead of sharks evolving from a massive predator, the original creature was a small, leaf-shaped fish. This fish lacked eyes and fins ...