The World’s Largest Experimental Ocean system—Biosphere 2 Ocean (B2O) If Earth’s oceans continue to warm an additional 2.0 C° ...

Ancient microbes illustrate a particular kind of respiration in which carbon dioxide and hydrogen are combined to form acetic ...

Earth system models (ESMs) integrate the interactions of atmosphere, ocean, land, ice, and biosphere to estimate the state of regional and global climate under a wide variety of conditions.

Building on the U.N. Millennium Development Goals (MDG), which provide a vision for a sustainable and equitable future, and ESA’s Sustainable Biosphere Initiative ... ecological, and earth-system ...

biosphere, solid Earth, atmosphere, cryosphere, and oceans. Earth observations from space, combined with data acquired from in situ and ground-based instruments, help scientists understand the ...

Climate and Earth system modelling is the use of mathematical representations of key components and properties of the atmosphere, ocean and biosphere to construct computer models. These models ...

biosphere, solid Earth, atmosphere, cryosphere, and oceans. Earth observations from space, combined with data acquired from in situ and ground-based instruments, help scientists understand the ...

Annual carbon cycle fluctuations indicate how much the biosphere is growing every year ... agriculture's important role because past versions of Earth system models did not include agricultural ...

Society urgently needs experts with a multidisciplinary education in Atmospheric and Earth System sciences. Climate change ... geophysics of the hydrosphere, meteorology, biosphere-atmosphere cycles, ...