JACKSONVILLE, Fla. — How many layers do you think there are in our atmosphere? Five! We have five different layers between us and outer space. From the surface up there is the troposphere, the ...

Together, these layers protect us from the sun’s harmful radiation and keep temperatures on Earth habitable for all living beings. Understanding how the atmosphere works is crucial to everyday life.

Mars’s atmosphere harbours a layer of electrically charged metal atoms, and they’re not behaving as expected. NASA’s MAVEN (Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Emission) spacecraft found layers of ...